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THE CHURCH OF ST. GEORGE - Village of Staro Nagorichane

THE CHURCH OF ST. GEORGE

Village of Staro Nagorichane

“the former Yugoslav

Republic of Macedonia

INTEGRATED REHABILITATION PROJECT PLAN /

SURVEY OF THE ARCHITECTURAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL HERITAGE

(IRPP/SAAH)

Regional Programme

for Cultural and Natural Heritage

in South East Europe

2003 - 2006

PRELIMINARY TECHNICAL ASSESSMENT

OF THE ARCHITECTURAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL

HERITAGE IN SOUTH EAST EUROPE

Document adopted by

The Ministry of Culture of “the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

on 14 November 2005

THE CHURCH OF ST. GEORGE

Village of Staro Nagorichane

“the former Yugoslav

Republic of Macedonia

FOREWORD

In the framework of the European Commission/Council of

Europe Joint Programme on the Integrated Rehabilitation

Project Plan /Survey on the Architectural and Archaeological

Heritage (IRPP/SAAH), the present Preliminary Technical

Assessment (PTA) was prepared by local experts:

Mrs. Donka Bardjieva-Trajkovska and Mr. Jovica Manevski,

headed by Ms. Julija Trichkovska on behalf of Mr. Jovan Ristov,

IRPP/SAAH Project Co-ordinator, in co-operation with the PTA

expert group: Leader Dr. John Bold (United Kingdom); Experts:

Ms. Emma Carmichael (United Kingdom),

Mr. Giorgio Gianighian (Italy), Mr. Andreas Heymowski

(Sweden), Mr. David Johnson (United Kingdom),

Mr. Pedro Ponce de Leon (Spain), Mr. Alkis Prepis (Greece).

Council of Europe expert, Mr. Emanuele Armani also provided

specialist advice.

The Preliminary Technical Assessment (PTA) was adopted by

the Ministry of Culture of “the former Yugoslav Republic of

Macedonia” on 14 November 2005.

Preliminary Technical Assessment of the Architectural and Archaeological Heritage in South East Europe

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The Church of St. George - Village of Staro Nagorichane 14 November 2005

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1. Introductory page

Site map Church of St. George,

Staro Nagorichane

1.1 Country or Territory: “the former Yugoslav Republic of

Macedonia”.

1.2 Name of organisation Institute for the Protection of Cultural

compiling the information: Monuments of the Republic of

Macedonia- Skopje / Cultural

Heritage Protection Office-Skopje

1.3 Contact name: Donka Bradjieva-Trajkovska, PhD,

Art Historian/

Julija Trichkovska, MA, Art Historian.

1.4 Email address: rzsindok@mt.net.mk

uzknrm@mt.net.mk

1.5 Name and address of building or site: Church of St. George, village of

Staro Nagorichane.

1.6 Inventory reference number(s): 4-817-093/2RND; r.b. 1035

(27.07.1950).

1.7 Building/Monument/Site type: Monument, Orthodox Church.

1.8 Main dates: First half of the 14th century (the

church) / beginning of the 20 th

century (the bell-tower).

1.9 Current use(s): Church in use.

2. Executive Summary

The Church of St. George in the village of Staro Nagorichane is one of the most

important 14 th century Byzantine monuments, the architectural conception and fresco

decoration of which tally with the latest cultural achievements of Byzantine art in

Thessalonica and Constantinople. The frescoes are the second to last work of King

Milutin's famous court painters Michael and Eutychius, who decorated several

churches in Macedonia and Serbia. Their fresco paintings in Staro Nagorichane are

considered, by eminent art researchers, as the seminal work of the Byzantine art from

the Palaeologue Age.

Regular religious service is performed in the church but the whole monastery complex

looks shabby and forlorn.

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The key problem is the fresco paintings, which are in a very bad condition, because of

the bad treatment of the monument. The priority interventions suggested in this

document refer to the church. The interventions in the immediate surroundings refer

to: consolidation and presentation of the bell-tower, remains of the old tombs,

adequate fencing of the whole complex and the entrance space. Special studies are

suggested for the presentation of the site and the rehabilitation of the monument for

the needs of the greater number of visitors.

The Institute for the Protection of the Cultural Monuments of the Republic of

Macedonia-Skopje, in collaboration with the monument owner - the Macedonian

Orthodox Church – will manage the preparation of the special studies for its

rehabilitation.

3. Administrative information

3.1 Responsible Authorities

The Metropolis of Polog-Kumanovo is responsible for the management of the church.

The Institute for the Protection of the Cultural Monuments of the Republic of

MacedoniaSkopje is responsible for providing protection and conservation.

The Cultural Heritage Protection Office is responsible for supervision of the protection

of the projects.

3.2 Building/Site, Name and Address

Name: Church of St. George

Address: Village of Staro Nagorichane

3.3 Map reference - according to Google Earth software:

Latitude: 42 ° 20 N

Longitude: 21 ° 83 E

3.4 Type of monument

Architectural: five-domed church; bell-tower; areas with gravestones.

3.5 Ownership

The church is the property of the Macedonian Orthodox Church: the Kumanovo-Polog

Metropolis – Skopje

3.6 Statutory Protection/Constraints

Cultural heritage of exceptional national importance, under Resolution N° 1032

(17.07.1950).

Official permission for undertaking interventions in the immediate or wider area of the

monument should be requested from the Metropolis of Polog-Kumanovo (with its

headquarters in Skopje) and from the Institute for the Protection of the Cultural

Monuments of the Republic of Macedonia/The Cultural Heritage Protection Office –

Skopje..

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4. Summary of condition

4.1 Summary of Physical Condition

Urgent measures are necessary to be undertaken for the elimination of the fresco

deterioration. The knock-on effect following the installation of the new roof have had a

negative effect on the fresco paintings and soon they will undergo major, irreversible

changes. This could be manifested in several ways: deplastering of the coloured layer

of the vaults, appearance of fungi and dark spots, changes in the colouring.

Inappropriate conservation works undertaken on surfaces, where the fresco paintings

had previously been destroyed; the fresco-icons on the altar templon are darkened

(by candle soot); the fresco in the niche above the church entrance hs almost fully

disappeared. The remains of the structure of the porch building are in very bad

condition: the walls are ruined; the roof covering is missing. Damaged building

limestone blocks on the facades (flaking stone surfaces, joint gaps) - especially on

the domes drums - and vegetation on the building. Neglected site area: the grave

area is heavily overgrown with vegetation; there is no appropriate access to the

church surroundings; the structure of the bell-tower is in good condition but there is

need for intervention on the tile roof and on the wooden door.

4.2 Condition Risk Assessment

- Immediate risk of further deterioration of the wall paintings;

- Risk of further deterioration of the porch remains and on the limestone block

building;

4.3 Priority for intervention

High – Research on the appropriate roof covering system to protect the wall

paintings.

High – Structural stabilisation of the porch and an appropriate roof covering solution.

High – Conservation, partial restoration and stabilisation of damaged building

limestone blocks on the facades.

Middle – Site (church yard) presentation; conservation/restoration of the bell-tower;

conservation of the boundary walls.

5. Existing information

5.1 Documentary sources:

1987 - Report on the conservation works on the upper building parts and roof

covering (prepared by the Institute for the Protection of the Cultural Monuments of the

Republic of Macedonia-Skopje);

1997 – Project on the Conservation and Restoration of the Domes and the Roof

Construction (prepared by the Institute for the Protection of the Cultural

Monuments of the Republic of Macedonia-Skopje);

1997 – Report on the Results of the microbiological analysis on the fresco paintings

(prepared by the experts of the Institute of Biology, University of St.Cyrillus

and Methodius-Skopje).

1998 – Preliminary Solution for the Conservation Measures on the Wall Paintings

(prepared by the Institute for the Protection of the Cultural Monuments of the

Republic of Macedonia-Skopje).

1999 – Report on the Results of the Previous Conservation Activities and on the

Physical Condition of the Monument (prepared by expert's team established

by the Ministry of Culture)

Documentation is available in the Institute for the Protection of the Cultural

Monuments of the Republic of Macedonia-Skopje.

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5.2 Bibliography:

Selected bibliography:

1. P.J.Popovic, Prilog za studiju stare srpske crkvene arhitekture, Starinar I, 1923

(Serbian, Cyrillic): The study contains detailed information on the church

architecture.

2. N. Okunjev, Gradja za istoriju srpske umentosti. Crkva Svetog Djordja u Starom

Nagorichinu , GSND V, 1929 ( Serbian, Cyrillic): First study considering the

history, architecture and wall paintings.

3. Djurdje Boshkovic, Opravka crkve u Starom Nagorichinu , GSND, 1931 (Serbian,

Cyrillic): Report on the first conservation activities (on the roof covering, walls,

floor) with detailed description of the type and level of intervention, material

used i.e.; Report on the archaeological excavation around the church.

2. Petar Miljkovic Pepek, Deloto na zografite Mihailo and Eutihij, Skopje 1967

(Macedonian, Cyrillic): Analysis on the iconography and significance of the

wall paintings.

3. Branislav Todic, Staro Nagorichino , Beograd 1993 (Serbian, Cyrillic), monograph;

History, architecture and wall paintings.

5.3 Fieldwork already conducted:

- 1968 - Conservation on the wall paintings;

- 1987 – Conservation of the upper building parts and installation of new roof covering

(hydro isolation using “cold dressing” with: bitumen, bimizol, wired glass);

- 1997 - New roof covering;

- 1998 – Partial Conservation on the wall paintings (in the altar space = 86 m² ).

All interventions have been undertaken by the Institute for the Protection of

the Cultural Monuments of the R. of Macedonia-Skopje.

5.4 Projects in progress:

No project in progress

5.5 Projects already planned:

No projects planned

5.6 Financial estimates already made:

- Conservation works on the wall paintings (1968)................................. 8.200,000 den

- Roof covering (1997)……………………………….…………….039.000 den (17,500 )

- Conservation works on the wall paintings (1998)..........................53.660 den (900 ).

6. Scope of the PTA

6.1 Extent/Nature of the assessment:

Donka Bardjieva-Trajkovska, PhD, Art Historian, Institute for the Protection of Cultural

Monuments of the Republic of Macedonia.

Julija Trichkovska, MA, Art Historian, Cultural Heritage Protection Office

Gligor Mukaetov, painter - conservator of wall paintings, Institute for the Protection of

the Cultural Monuments of the Republic of Macedonia

E. Armani, Architect and Wall Painting Conservator, Council of Europe expert

A. Prepis, PhD, Architect, Council of Europe expert

Time spent: 4 days

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6.2 Limitations of the study:

No access to the roof.

No access to the upper floors of the bell-tower.

7. The PTA

7.1 Background and 7.2 Significance:

7.1.1 Summary description of the building/site

The Church of St. George is situated at the very entrance of the village of

Staro Nagoricane in the vicinity of Kumanovo town. Built as the catholicon of

the former monastery complex, it represents a five domed building of

modified type of cross-shaped Byzantine church. The outer walls up to the

window zone are made of huge smooth “trachyte” stone blocks. The

renovated upper walling is built of the same stone combined with bricks,

enriched by brick ornaments over the windows openings. The original roof

was covered with tiles, but the present - with lead. The stone templon has

been added after its erection and covered with fresco-icons; wall surfaces

have been painted with rich iconographic programme. The west porch, built

later, represented a rectangular space with lean-to roof; the roof and most of

the side walls are ruined.

The bell-tower at the northern yard entrance is a tall stone building with

rectangular basement, the upper parts of which have a similar treatment to

the decoration of the upper parts of the church.

The cemetery on the west side of the church has been dislocated a long time

ago and the only remains in the south part of the church are heavily

damaged.

7.1.2 St. George church was built upon the foundations of an older building

dating back to the reign of the Byzantine Emperor Roman IV Diogenes (11th

century), ruined later. The church was renovated in 1313 by the Serbian king

Milutin. The frescoes are one of the last works of the famous royal painters

Michael and Eutychius from Thessalonica. The monastery was left neglected

until the end of 16th century, when renovation works were performed (change

of the roof coronas, renovation of the narthex). The porch (on the western

part of the church) and the bell-tower were probably built in the first half of the

20th century. In 1991 the church renewed its basic religious service.

Several protective works had been undertaken by the Institute for the

Protection of the Cultural Monuments of the R. of Macedonia, but the lack of

a sophisticated permanent follow-up strategy, the appropriate and timely

interventions, as well as the strategy/projects for the presentation of the

whole complex is evident.

7.2 Significance

The church of St. George in the village of Staro Nagoricane is one of the most

important 14th century Byzantine monuments. The donor, King Milutin, invited famous

constructors who used the latest architectural achievements of Constantinople

architecture. The frescoes are the second to last work of King Milutin's famous court

painters Michael and Eutychius from Thessalonica, where they accumulated their

extraordinary talent and education. Their work is representative of the new

Palaeologian style, similar to the masterpieces of the workshop at the court of

Emperor Andronicus II Palaeologus.

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Most eminent researchers (Ch. Diehl, T. Rice, G. Millet, A. Grabar, N. Okunjev)

consider the Staro Nagoricane fresco paintings as the seminal work of the Byzantine

art from the Palaeologue Age.

Regular religious service is still performed in the church but the whole monastery

complex looks shabby and forlorn.

The St. George Church fresco paintings have a universal importance and their

conservation treatment is considered a necessary and urgent task.

7.3 Vulnerability/Risk assessment .

- Inappropriate interventions on the roof covering: using incompatible materials,

disturbing the balance of the physical processes and the microclimate of the

interior, causing damages on the wall paintings.

- Lack of strong coordination between architects and wall painting conservators,

taking into consideration that the “wall is a base/support of the wall paintings”.

- Inadequate personnel training - insufficient knowledge of the traditional medieval

(Byzantine) building system - as a prerequisite for conservation strategy

concerning the roof covering and wall paintings.

- Lack of maintenance – neglected church area.

Lack of administration and legislation – poor integration into sustainable

development plans (cultural tourism; researching/scientific programmes on

international level – workshops, e.g)

7.4 Technical condition

1. The Church:

The structure of the church building is in good condition.

The priority of intervention on the building concerns the condition of the wall

paintings.

The opinion of the CoE expert is that the principal cause for the frescoes’

deterioration is to be found in the non-effective way the rain and weather elements in

general have been managed in the past years through the existing roof system, some

of which were intended as temporary, which eventually contributed to water

infiltrations inside the wall structure, the domes and the vaults, surfacing and dripping

on the painted surfaces.

The consequences of such infiltrations on the frescoes’ surfaces are clear: large

painted areas have fallen and have been eventually replaced by neutral-coloured

mortars whose compositions are unknown (hydraulic mortars). These are also

affected by stains and infiltrations that are slowly changing their composition.

In other areas, where the painted surfaces are still present, spread chromatic and

superficial alterations can be noticed due to salt efflorescence, stains and organic

materials. These, according to the degradation intensity, are producing white stains,

blackening and encrustations.

Still very visible are the humidity stains inside the church, caused by infiltrations on

the vaults and the domes, while outside the results of water dripping along the walls

and the masonry is evident, creating the ideal condition for the growth of weeds and

moss.

It is then quite likely that, in spite of the interventions realised in the past, the effective

faculty of the current roof system to keep the water out is not guaranteed, letting the

water find its way through the narrow interstices between the masonry and the lead

covering especially in the area of the walls underneath the domes where the damage

is greater.

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The main priority is therefore to check that the current roof system is effectively

carrying out its functions. Otherwise the first thing to do would be to fix it beforehand,

prior to any restoration on the frescoes.

To define the real cause of deterioration and the appropriate intervention, the works

will be undertaken as follows:

Phase 1 : Removing the lead roof cover, very gradually: First step: removing

a part on the eastern section of the building, raising a temporary roof (with a

layer of soil as a protective – tampon zone) on the vaulted parts.

After research, local experts have suggested to continue with:

Phase 2: Project on new roof covering – consulting the traditional roof

covering systems and materials (medieval type of tiles), supported with:

appropriated technical documentation; detailed analysis on the main cause(s)

of damages as well as on the original system of roof covering; defining the

optimal microclimate propositions.

- Conservation, partial restoration and stabilisation of damaged building

limestone blocks on the facades.

Phase 3: Project on the wall paintings conservation: appropriate

documentation; identification of the type of the salt and micro-organisms

which are deposited on the surface of the wall paintings; defining the

methods of conservation;

Porch: Project on structural consolidation and rebuilding of the demolished

parts of the walls; solution for roof covering.

2. The church yard/site in general:

Cleaning the yard (overgrown vegetation), solutions for site presentation (illumination

and signalisation; seating places, paths, i.e.); conservation measures on the belltower

as well as on the gravestones; consolidation of the boundary wall; appropriate

entrance door and fence.

7.5 Outline summary of required repairs

Roof –

church/ porch

Lead roof covering; vegetation

growth on all dome drums;

demolished porch roof covering.

Remove existing roof covering; new

roof covering, according to the

mediaeval (Byzantine) tradition; roof

covering for the porch – in the

feasibility study

Walls/facades

– church/

porch

Damaged limestone blocks on the

facades (flaking of stone surfaces);

semi-demolished walls of the porch.

Conservation, partial restoration and

stabilisation of the damaged

limestone blocks; structural

stabilisation of the porch’s building;

rebuilding the demolished parts of

the walls

Wall

paintings

Serious damages to the upper

sections surfaces (presence of salt,

fungi, micro-organisms);

inappropriate interventions on the

missing parts surfaces (use of

hydraulic lime mortar); fragmentary

preserved parts on the western

facade (above the entrance).

Fully conserve the interior wall

paintings; remove the hydraulic lime

mortar; filling of lime mortar;

Conserve the wall paintings on the

western façade.

Church yard Neglected yard; vegetation growth;

difficult access around the church, to

the cemetery and to the bell-tower;

solid structure of the bell-tower

(damages to the wooden door; no

access to upper floors).

Clean the yard; remove vegetation;

arrange passages and pavement

around the church to the cemetery

section and to the bell-tower;

conserve / restore the gravestones;

conserve / restore the bell-tower; set

wooden seating in selected places

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(especially under the trees of the

entrance plateau).

Site

presentation

Demolished parts on the boundary

wall; no parking space; no

information desk; no proper lighting

to the monument and to the site.

Repair and compile boundary wall,

raise it to a reasonable height;

fencing and place a new gate to the

street; parking space on the other

side of the street; information desk at

the entrance; proper lighting to the

monument and to the site; install

garbage bins; toilet unit (outside).

7.6 Conservation policy and proposals

Existing as an orthodox church with active service, the monument should

continue with its original function under a well-defined protective regime. The

religious services as well as tourist tours should be left undisturbed by other

possible cultural activities.

7.6.1 Broad summary of the vision for the site

The monument was built in the Kumanovo (Zegligovo) vicinity, a region of a

historic interest, during the reign of the Holy King Milutin renewed as a

restorer of abandoned and dilapidated orthodox churches. Since high

universal values are being discussed, that are the subject of interest for

scientific circles as well as for ordinary visitors, the monument could provide

funds that would be reused for its long-term maintenance and preservation if

appropriately managed. The monument is situated near the Serbian border

and the Prohor of Pchinja Monastery. In the neighbouring area, in the village

of Mlado Nagorichane, there are two noteworthy post-Byzantine churches

(dedicated to St. Paraskeva and St. George), as well as a picturesque

landscape of the historical site of Zebernjak. All of these features could be

attractive tourist destinations. A project for tourist revitalization of the wider

area should be prepared, in which this significant micro complex (with no

road signage), will be included.

7.6.2 Conservation philosophy

The general conservation idea as a defining principle is to analyse and use

the authentic (mediaeval) building system, as well as to apply traditional

building material and fresco painting methods. If the old mediaeval system of

roof covering is applied, it would provide the appropriate condition for the

fresco paintings to survive in spite of the use of synthetic and other materials

for the wall painting conservation, incompatible with the Byzantine technique

and technology of fresco painting. The same methodology will be followed for

the restoration of the damaged limestone blocks and for the adequate

reconstruction of the porch roof.

7.6.3 Level of intervention

1. The main objective of the conservation works is to restore the original state

of the church building providing appropriate microclimate condition, essential

for future existence of the monument:

- New roof covering – to return to the old, traditional tile roof and roof

covering system

- Conservation, partial restoration and stabilization of the damaged limestone

blocks

- Conservation of the wall paintings.

In their actual state, and without any additional information, it can be said that

the main issue to consider for the conservation of the frescoes is first of all

the functionality of the roof system and then the total absence of any working

drainage system to carry the water outside the church.

Giving priorities, it is surely more urgent to lay a canalisation along the

perimeter of the church, either natural (gravel) or artificial (concrete) which

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could help the water to flow away from the wall base once it falls from the

roof. This would increase the humidity evaporation and reduce the quantity of

soluble salts in the wall-painted areas.

Once these two points:

1) inspection of the roof system

2) creation of a water drainage system

are put into practice, it will be possible to proceed with the actual fresco

restoration, some of which, such as those in the apse, have already been

effectively restored.

- Consolidation and presentation of the porch wall structure and

prepare a solution for protective roof covering.

2. Consolidation and presentation of the bell-tower architecture.

3. Consolidation of the stone grave structures.

7.6.4 Preliminary proposals for appropriate use/7.6.5 Opportunities

for social uses and sustainable development

The character of the monument defines its function as an orthodox church in

continuing use. Its permanent function does not exclude the possibility of its

scientific and tourist exploitation or for possible cultural activities, if a separate

feasibility study is prepared for that purpose

7.6.6 Broad assessment of priorities for consolidation/covering, repair,

conservation, restoration.

- Remove the new roof covering – as a main factor contributing to the

damage of the wall paintings (very gradually);

- Install a new roof covering – consulting the old (traditional) roof covering

system of the Byzantine churches.

- Conservation and restoration of the wall paintings / Conservation of the wall

paintings on the western façade (fragmentary preserved).

- Consolidation and presentation of the porch added on the western side of

the church.

- Consolidation and presentation of the bell-tower.

- Site presentation (church yard, cemetery, etc.).

7.6.7 Public access/ 7.6.8 Other benefits

The monument is open to the public. In that sense a popularity and

affirmation study is required as well as its inclusion in the tourist routes on

national and regional level.

7.7 Finance

7.7.1 Broad assessment of budgetary needs and phasing; this is not binding

and is to be more fully assessed at feasibility stage.

Phase 1:

- Removing the roof covering made of lead

(over the apse, prothesis and diaconikon):

150m² .......................................................................................2,000

-Setting a temporary protective roof covering

(raising over the apse, prothesis and diaconikon):

200m² ........................................................................................8,000

- Removing the reinforced base/support over the vaults

and spherical sectors: 150m ² .................................................15,000

- To fix a protective ("tampon-zone") layer of soil

(thickness: 0,30-0,80m = 75m ³ )….........................................................4,000

- Conservation, partial restoration of the damaged limestone

blocks ……………………………………………………………………….. 1,000€

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-Project on the reconstruction of the roof covering structure

(for the building as a whole), 15,000

-Project on the wall paintings conservation..........................................10,000

Total: ......................................................................................55,000

Phase 2:

- Project on consolidation and presentation of the western porch

(With solution for roof covering)……….................................................5,000

- Project on conservation and presentation of the bell-tower.................3,000

- Project on site presentation..................................................................4,000

Total:.......................................................................................12,000

Phase 3:

- Removing the current roof covering over the building:

c. 500m ² ...................................................................................30,000

- Setting a temporary protective roof cover over the building:

c.500m ² ....................................................................................15,000

- Setting a layer of soil (as a protective, "tampon”zone): c. 500m² …...10,000

- Reconstruction of the original type of roof covering

(using mediaeval type of tiles): c. 600m² ................................70,000

- Conservation works on the wall paintings: c. 600m ² .........................60,000

Total:.....................................................................................185,000

Phase 4:

- Conservation/restoration works on the western porch......................15,000

- Conservation /restoration of the bell-tower......................................... 7,000

-Site

presentation.........................................................................................50,000

Total:......................................................................................72,000

- Contingencies ……….…...………………………………………31.900

- Consultancy ………………………………….…………………... 42,000

GRAND TOTAL:………………… . ………………………….....397.900

7.7.2 Assessment of possibilities for attracting investments/7.7.3

Assessment of possibilities for recovering investments

To date no programmes or projects on rehabilitation of the complex for the

needs of larger groups of visitors have been prepared. The preparations

concerning the presentation of the complex (signage, illumination,

infrastructure for the larger number of visitors) should be useful and profitable

investment on both local and national level if this monument is included in the

tourist (route) map of the Republic of Macedonia.

7.7.4 Have you already tried to raise funds for this site or

monument/7.7.5 Have you already received funds?

See information in section - 5.6

7.8 Management

- Short term arrangements:

1. Projects on the roof coverings – will be managed by the Institute for the

Protection (with international assistance)

2. Projects on the wall paintings conservation – will be managed by the

Institute for the Protection (with international assistance if it is possible)

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- Long term arrangements:

Feasibility study on the site presentation will be managed by the Institute for

the Protection and the Church' authorities. The management of the separated

studies concerning different aspects of presentation (site illumination;

information desk; tourist offers, parking area i.e.) will be arranged between

the Institutes within the Ministry of Culture (the Institute for the Protection of

the Cultural Monuments of the Republic of Macedonia and the Cultural

Heritage Protection Office) and the authorities of the Ministry of Economy,

Ministry of Environment and Physical Planning and Ministry of Local Self

Government.

8. Supporting Documentation

See appendix

9. Feasibility studies

The feasibility study requires:

1. Detailed analysis and revision of the roof cover with proposed measures to be taken

for removing/eliminating the cause of the continuous damage to the fresco paintings:

Research study - need of particular specialist advice from architect (expert of

Byzantine building system) as well as from an expert of wall paintings (fresco

technique) conservator.

2. Documentation – photo/video and graphic documentation on the current condition of

the fresco paintings giving prominence to the most vulnerable sections.

3. Analysis on the types of salt and micro-organisms, the pigments and colour scheme

of the wall paintings – need of expertise.

4. Need for scaffolding.

5. Researching on the type of the porch roof covering.

6. Need to consider the wider context of the monument and its relationship to the

environment - to prepare separate studies of site presentation.

Approximate broad assessment of the budgetary needs for the proposed intervention

(level and phases) are given in the section 7.7.1 of this document.

PTA Report carried out by:

Donka Bardjieva-Trajkovska, PhD, Art Historian.

Julija Trichkovska, MA, Art Historian.

Jovica Manevski, Civil engineer.

Emanuele Armani, Architect and Wall Paintings Conservator, CoE expert

Alkiviades Prepis, PhD, Architect, CoE expert.

Skopje, August 2005

Preliminary Technical Assessment of the Architectural and Archaeological Heritage in South East Europe

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The Church of St. George - Village of Staro Nagorichane 14 November 2005

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APPENDIX

The Church – south-eastern view The Bell – tower, southern façade

Entrance section of the church The Cemetry area

Preliminary Technical Assessment of the Architectural and Archaeological Heritage in South East Europe

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The Church of St. George - Village of Staro Nagorichane 14 November 2005

“the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

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Fresco-icons on the alter stone partition Damage on the wall – paintings,

northern vault of the central aisle

Damage on the wall – paintings, Intervention on the north-western of the

central aisle vault column wall paintings

Preliminary Technical Assessment of the Architectural and Archaeological Heritage in South East Europe

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The Church of St. George - Village of Staro Nagorichane 14 November 2005

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Site situation: 1. the church Ground plan of the church

2. the porch of the church

3. the bell-tower

4. the cemetry area

Longitudinal section Cross section

Eastern façade Western façade

Northern façade

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