THE
“the former Yugoslav
INTEGRATED REHABILITATION PROJECT PLAN /
SURVEY OF THE ARCHITECTURAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL HERITAGE
(IRPP/SAAH)
Regional Programme
for Cultural and Natural Heritage
in South
2003 - 2006
PRELIMINARY TECHNICAL ASSESSMENT
OF THE ARCHITECTURAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL
HERITAGE IN SOUTH
Document adopted by
The Ministry of Culture of “the
on 14 November 2005
THE
“the former Yugoslav
FOREWORD
In the framework of the European Commission/Council of
Project Plan /Survey on the Architectural and Archaeological
Heritage (IRPP/SAAH), the present Preliminary Technical
Assessment (PTA) was prepared by local experts:
Mrs. Donka Bardjieva-Trajkovska and Mr. Jovica Manevski,
headed by Ms. Julija Trichkovska on behalf of Mr. Jovan Ristov,
IRPP/SAAH Project Co-ordinator, in co-operation with the PTA
expert group: Leader Dr. John Bold (
Ms. Emma Carmichael (
Mr. Giorgio Gianighian (
(
Mr. Pedro Ponce de Leon (
Council of
specialist advice.
The Preliminary Technical Assessment (PTA) was adopted by
the Ministry of Culture of “the former
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1. Introductory page
Site map
Staro Nagorichane
1.1 Country or Territory: “the former
1.2 Name of organisation Institute for the Protection of Cultural
compiling the information: Monuments of the Republic of
Macedonia- Skopje / Cultural
Heritage Protection Office-Skopje
1.3 Contact name: Donka Bradjieva-Trajkovska, PhD,
Art Historian/
1.4 Email address: rzsindok@mt.net.mk
uzknrm@mt.net.mk
1.5 Name and address of building or site:
Staro Nagorichane.
1.6 Inventory reference number(s): 4-817-093/2RND; r.b. 1035
(27.07.1950).
1.7 Building/Monument/Site type: Monument, Orthodox Church.
1.8
church) / beginning of the 20 th
century (the bell-tower).
1.9 Current use(s): Church in use.
2. Executive Summary
The
important 14 th century Byzantine monuments, the architectural conception and fresco
decoration of which tally with the latest cultural achievements of Byzantine art in
Thessalonica and
Milutin's famous court painters Michael and Eutychius, who decorated several
churches in
considered, by eminent art researchers, as the seminal work of the Byzantine art from
the Palaeologue Age.
Regular religious service is performed in the church but the whole monastery complex
looks shabby and forlorn.
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The key problem is the fresco paintings, which are in a very bad condition, because of
the bad treatment of the monument. The priority interventions suggested in this
document refer to the church. The interventions in the immediate surroundings refer
to: consolidation and presentation of the bell-tower, remains of the old tombs,
adequate fencing of the whole complex and the entrance space. Special studies are
suggested for the presentation of the site and the rehabilitation of the monument for
the needs of the greater number of visitors.
The Institute for the Protection of the Cultural Monuments of the Republic of
Macedonia-Skopje, in collaboration with the monument owner - the Macedonian
Orthodox Church – will manage the preparation of the special studies for its
rehabilitation.
3. Administrative information
3.1 Responsible Authorities
The Metropolis of Polog-Kumanovo is responsible for the management of the church.
The Institute for the Protection of the Cultural Monuments of the Republic of
The Cultural Heritage Protection Office is responsible for supervision of the protection
of the projects.
3.2 Building/Site, Name and Address
Name:
Address:
3.3 Map reference - according to Google Earth software:
Latitude: 42 ° 20 ′ N
Longitude: 21 ° 83 ′ E
3.4 Type of monument
Architectural: five-domed church; bell-tower; areas with gravestones.
3.5 Ownership
The church is the property of the Macedonian Orthodox Church: the Kumanovo-Polog
Metropolis –
3.6 Statutory Protection/Constraints
Cultural heritage of exceptional national importance, under Resolution N° 1032
(17.07.1950).
Official permission for undertaking interventions in the immediate or wider area of the
monument should be requested from the Metropolis of Polog-Kumanovo (with its
headquarters in
Monuments of the Republic of Macedonia/The Cultural Heritage Protection Office –
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4. Summary of condition
4.1 Summary of Physical Condition
Urgent measures are necessary to be undertaken for the elimination of the fresco
deterioration. The knock-on effect following the installation of the new roof have had a
negative effect on the fresco paintings and soon they will undergo major, irreversible
changes. This could be manifested in several ways: deplastering of the coloured layer
of the vaults, appearance of fungi and dark spots, changes in the colouring.
Inappropriate conservation works undertaken on surfaces, where the fresco paintings
had previously been destroyed; the fresco-icons on the altar templon are darkened
(by candle soot); the fresco in the niche above the church entrance hs almost fully
disappeared. The remains of the structure of the porch building are in very bad
condition: the walls are ruined; the roof covering is missing. Damaged building
limestone blocks on the facades (flaking stone surfaces, joint gaps) - especially on
the domes drums - and vegetation on the building. Neglected site area: the grave
area is heavily overgrown with vegetation; there is no appropriate access to the
church surroundings; the structure of the bell-tower is in good condition but there is
need for intervention on the tile roof and on the wooden door.
4.2 Condition Risk Assessment
- Immediate risk of further deterioration of the wall paintings;
- Risk of further deterioration of the porch remains and on the limestone block
building;
4.3 Priority for intervention
High – Research on the appropriate roof covering system to protect the wall
paintings.
High – Structural stabilisation of the porch and an appropriate roof covering solution.
High – Conservation, partial restoration and stabilisation of damaged building
limestone blocks on the facades.
Middle – Site (church yard) presentation; conservation/restoration of the bell-tower;
conservation of the boundary walls.
5. Existing information
5.1 Documentary sources:
1987 - Report on the conservation works on the upper building parts and roof
covering (prepared by the Institute for the Protection of the Cultural Monuments of the
1997 – Project on the Conservation and Restoration of the Domes and the Roof
Construction (prepared by the Institute for the Protection of the Cultural
Monuments of the Republic of Macedonia-Skopje);
1997 – Report on the Results of the microbiological analysis on the fresco paintings
(prepared by the experts of the
and Methodius-Skopje).
1998 – Preliminary Solution for the Conservation Measures on the Wall Paintings
(prepared by the Institute for the Protection of the Cultural Monuments of the
Republic of Macedonia-Skopje).
1999 – Report on the Results of the Previous Conservation Activities and on the
Physical Condition of the Monument (prepared by expert's team established
by the Ministry of Culture)
Documentation is available in the Institute for the Protection of the Cultural
Monuments of the Republic of Macedonia-Skopje.
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5.2 Bibliography:
Selected bibliography:
1. P.J.Popovic, Prilog za studiju stare srpske crkvene arhitekture, Starinar I, 1923
(Serbian, Cyrillic): The study contains detailed information on the church
architecture.
2. N. Okunjev, Gradja za istoriju srpske umentosti. Crkva Svetog Djordja u Starom
Nagorichinu , GSND V, 1929 ( Serbian, Cyrillic): First study considering the
history, architecture and wall paintings.
3. Djurdje Boshkovic, Opravka crkve u Starom Nagorichinu , GSND, 1931 (Serbian,
Cyrillic): Report on the first conservation activities (on the roof covering, walls,
floor) with detailed description of the type and level of intervention, material
used i.e.; Report on the archaeological excavation around the church.
2. Petar Miljkovic Pepek, Deloto na zografite Mihailo and Eutihij,
(Macedonian, Cyrillic): Analysis on the iconography and significance of the
wall paintings.
3. Branislav Todic, Staro Nagorichino ,
History, architecture and wall paintings.
5.3 Fieldwork already conducted:
- 1968 - Conservation on the wall paintings;
- 1987 – Conservation of the upper building parts and installation of new roof covering
(hydro isolation using “cold dressing” with: bitumen, bimizol, wired glass);
- 1997 - New roof covering;
- 1998 – Partial Conservation on the wall paintings (in the altar space = 86 m² ).
All interventions have been undertaken by the Institute for the Protection of
the Cultural Monuments of the R. of Macedonia-Skopje.
5.4 Projects in progress:
No project in progress
5.5 Projects already planned:
No projects planned
5.6 Financial estimates already made:
- Conservation works on the wall paintings (1968)................................. 8.200,000 den
- Roof covering (1997)……………………………….…………….039.000 den (17,500 € )
- Conservation works on the wall paintings (1998)..........................53.660 den (900 € ).
6. Scope of the PTA
6.1 Extent/Nature of the assessment:
Donka Bardjieva-Trajkovska, PhD, Art Historian, Institute for the Protection of Cultural
Monuments of the
Gligor Mukaetov, painter - conservator of wall paintings, Institute for the Protection of
the Cultural Monuments of the
E. Armani, Architect and Wall Painting Conservator, Council of Europe expert
A. Prepis, PhD, Architect, Council of Europe expert
Time spent: 4 days
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6.2 Limitations of the study:
No access to the roof.
No access to the upper floors of the bell-tower.
7. The PTA
7.1 Background and 7.2 Significance:
7.1.1 Summary description of the building/site
The
Staro Nagoricane in the vicinity of Kumanovo town. Built as the catholicon of
the former monastery complex, it represents a five domed building of
modified type of cross-shaped Byzantine church. The outer walls up to the
window zone are made of huge smooth “trachyte” stone blocks. The
renovated upper walling is built of the same stone combined with bricks,
enriched by brick ornaments over the windows openings. The original roof
was covered with tiles, but the present - with lead. The stone templon has
been added after its erection and covered with fresco-icons; wall surfaces
have been painted with rich iconographic programme. The west porch, built
later, represented a rectangular space with lean-to roof; the roof and most of
the side walls are ruined.
The bell-tower at the northern yard entrance is a tall stone building with
rectangular basement, the upper parts of which have a similar treatment to
the decoration of the upper parts of the church.
The cemetery on the west side of the church has been dislocated a long time
ago and the only remains in the south part of the church are heavily
damaged.
7.1.2 St. George church was built upon the foundations of an older building
dating back to the reign of the Byzantine Emperor Roman IV Diogenes (11th
century), ruined later. The church was renovated in 1313 by the Serbian king
Milutin. The frescoes are one of the last works of the famous royal painters
Michael and Eutychius from Thessalonica. The monastery was left neglected
until the end of 16th century, when renovation works were performed (change
of the roof coronas, renovation of the narthex). The porch (on the western
part of the church) and the bell-tower were probably built in the first half of the
20th century. In 1991 the church renewed its basic religious service.
Several protective works had been undertaken by the Institute for the
Protection of the
a sophisticated permanent follow-up strategy, the appropriate and timely
interventions, as well as the strategy/projects for the presentation of the
whole complex is evident.
7.2 Significance
The
important 14th century Byzantine monuments. The donor, King Milutin, invited famous
constructors who used the latest architectural achievements of
architecture. The frescoes are the second to last work of King Milutin's famous court
painters Michael and Eutychius from Thessalonica, where they accumulated their
extraordinary talent and education. Their work is representative of the new
Palaeologian style, similar to the masterpieces of the workshop at the court of
Emperor Andronicus II Palaeologus.
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Most eminent researchers (Ch. Diehl, T. Rice, G. Millet, A. Grabar, N. Okunjev)
consider the Staro Nagoricane fresco paintings as the seminal work of the Byzantine
art from the Palaeologue Age.
Regular religious service is still performed in the church but the whole monastery
complex looks shabby and forlorn.
The St. George Church fresco paintings have a universal importance and their
conservation treatment is considered a necessary and urgent task.
7.3 Vulnerability/Risk assessment .
- Inappropriate interventions on the roof covering: using incompatible materials,
disturbing the balance of the physical processes and the microclimate of the
interior, causing damages on the wall paintings.
- Lack of strong coordination between architects and wall painting conservators,
taking into consideration that the “wall is a base/support of the wall paintings”.
- Inadequate personnel training - insufficient knowledge of the traditional medieval
(Byzantine) building system - as a prerequisite for conservation strategy
concerning the roof covering and wall paintings.
- Lack of maintenance – neglected church area.
Lack of administration and legislation – poor integration into sustainable
development plans (cultural tourism; researching/scientific programmes on
international level – workshops, e.g)
7.4 Technical condition
1. The Church:
The structure of the church building is in good condition.
The priority of intervention on the building concerns the condition of the wall
paintings.
The opinion of the CoE expert is that the principal cause for the frescoes’
deterioration is to be found in the non-effective way the rain and weather elements in
general have been managed in the past years through the existing roof system, some
of which were intended as temporary, which eventually contributed to water
infiltrations inside the wall structure, the domes and the vaults, surfacing and dripping
on the painted surfaces.
The consequences of such infiltrations on the frescoes’ surfaces are clear: large
painted areas have fallen and have been eventually replaced by neutral-coloured
mortars whose compositions are unknown (hydraulic mortars). These are also
affected by stains and infiltrations that are slowly changing their composition.
In other areas, where the painted surfaces are still present, spread chromatic and
superficial alterations can be noticed due to salt efflorescence, stains and organic
materials. These, according to the degradation intensity, are producing white stains,
blackening and encrustations.
Still very visible are the humidity stains inside the church, caused by infiltrations on
the vaults and the domes, while outside the results of water dripping along the walls
and the masonry is evident, creating the ideal condition for the growth of weeds and
moss.
It is then quite likely that, in spite of the interventions realised in the past, the effective
faculty of the current roof system to keep the water out is not guaranteed, letting the
water find its way through the narrow interstices between the masonry and the lead
covering especially in the area of the walls underneath the domes where the damage
is greater.
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The main priority is therefore to check that the current roof system is effectively
carrying out its functions. Otherwise the first thing to do would be to fix it beforehand,
prior to any restoration on the frescoes.
To define the real cause of deterioration and the appropriate intervention, the works
will be undertaken as follows:
Phase 1 : Removing the lead roof cover, very gradually: First step: removing
a part on the eastern section of the building, raising a temporary roof (with a
layer of soil as a protective – tampon zone) on the vaulted parts.
After research, local experts have suggested to continue with:
Phase 2: Project on new roof covering – consulting the traditional roof
covering systems and materials (medieval type of tiles), supported with:
appropriated technical documentation; detailed analysis on the main cause(s)
of damages as well as on the original system of roof covering; defining the
optimal microclimate propositions.
- Conservation, partial restoration and stabilisation of damaged building
limestone blocks on the facades.
Phase 3: Project on the wall paintings conservation: appropriate
documentation; identification of the type of the salt and micro-organisms
which are deposited on the surface of the wall paintings; defining the
methods of conservation;
Porch: Project on structural consolidation and rebuilding of the demolished
parts of the walls; solution for roof covering.
2. The church yard/site in general:
Cleaning the yard (overgrown vegetation), solutions for site presentation (illumination
and signalisation; seating places, paths, i.e.); conservation measures on the belltower
as well as on the gravestones; consolidation of the boundary wall; appropriate
entrance door and fence.
7.5 Outline summary of required repairs
Roof –
church/ porch
Lead roof covering; vegetation
growth on all dome drums;
demolished porch roof covering.
Remove existing roof covering; new
roof covering, according to the
mediaeval (Byzantine) tradition; roof
covering for the porch – in the
feasibility study
Walls/facades
– church/
porch
Damaged limestone blocks on the
facades (flaking of stone surfaces);
semi-demolished walls of the porch.
Conservation, partial restoration and
stabilisation of the damaged
limestone blocks; structural
stabilisation of the porch’s building;
rebuilding the demolished parts of
the walls
Wall
paintings
Serious damages to the upper
sections surfaces (presence of salt,
fungi, micro-organisms);
inappropriate interventions on the
missing parts surfaces (use of
hydraulic lime mortar); fragmentary
preserved parts on the western
facade (above the entrance).
Fully conserve the interior wall
paintings; remove the hydraulic lime
mortar; filling of lime mortar;
Conserve the wall paintings on the
western façade.
Church yard Neglected yard; vegetation growth;
difficult access around the church, to
the cemetery and to the bell-tower;
solid structure of the bell-tower
(damages to the wooden door; no
access to upper floors).
Clean the yard; remove vegetation;
arrange passages and pavement
around the church to the cemetery
section and to the bell-tower;
conserve / restore the gravestones;
conserve / restore the bell-tower; set
wooden seating in selected places
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(especially under the trees of the
entrance plateau).
Site
presentation
Demolished parts on the boundary
wall; no parking space; no
information desk; no proper lighting
to the monument and to the site.
Repair and compile boundary wall,
raise it to a reasonable height;
fencing and place a new gate to the
street; parking space on the other
side of the street; information desk at
the entrance; proper lighting to the
monument and to the site; install
garbage bins; toilet unit (outside).
7.6 Conservation policy and proposals
Existing as an orthodox church with active service, the monument should
continue with its original function under a well-defined protective regime. The
religious services as well as tourist tours should be left undisturbed by other
possible cultural activities.
7.6.1 Broad summary of the vision for the site
The monument was built in the Kumanovo (Zegligovo) vicinity, a region of a
historic interest, during the reign of the Holy King Milutin renewed as a
restorer of abandoned and dilapidated orthodox churches. Since high
universal values are being discussed, that are the subject of interest for
scientific circles as well as for ordinary visitors, the monument could provide
funds that would be reused for its long-term maintenance and preservation if
appropriately managed. The monument is situated near the Serbian border
and the Prohor of Pchinja Monastery. In the neighbouring area, in the village
of Mlado Nagorichane, there are two noteworthy post-Byzantine churches
(dedicated to St. Paraskeva and St. George), as well as a picturesque
landscape of the historical site of Zebernjak. All of these features could be
attractive tourist destinations. A project for tourist revitalization of the wider
area should be prepared, in which this significant micro complex (with no
road signage), will be included.
7.6.2 Conservation philosophy
The general conservation idea as a defining principle is to analyse and use
the authentic (mediaeval) building system, as well as to apply traditional
building material and fresco painting methods. If the old mediaeval system of
roof covering is applied, it would provide the appropriate condition for the
fresco paintings to survive in spite of the use of synthetic and other materials
for the wall painting conservation, incompatible with the Byzantine technique
and technology of fresco painting. The same methodology will be followed for
the restoration of the damaged limestone blocks and for the adequate
reconstruction of the porch roof.
7.6.3 Level of intervention
1. The main objective of the conservation works is to restore the original state
of the church building providing appropriate microclimate condition, essential
for future existence of the monument:
- New roof covering – to return to the old, traditional tile roof and roof
covering system
- Conservation, partial restoration and stabilization of the damaged limestone
blocks
- Conservation of the wall paintings.
In their actual state, and without any additional information, it can be said that
the main issue to consider for the conservation of the frescoes is first of all
the functionality of the roof system and then the total absence of any working
drainage system to carry the water outside the church.
Giving priorities, it is surely more urgent to lay a canalisation along the
perimeter of the church, either natural (gravel) or artificial (concrete) which
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could help the water to flow away from the wall base once it falls from the
roof. This would increase the humidity evaporation and reduce the quantity of
soluble salts in the wall-painted areas.
Once these two points:
1) inspection of the roof system
2) creation of a water drainage system
are put into practice, it will be possible to proceed with the actual fresco
restoration, some of which, such as those in the apse, have already been
effectively restored.
- Consolidation and presentation of the porch wall structure and
prepare a solution for protective roof covering.
2. Consolidation and presentation of the bell-tower architecture.
3. Consolidation of the stone grave structures.
7.6.4 Preliminary proposals for appropriate use/7.6.5 Opportunities
for social uses and sustainable development
The character of the monument defines its function as an orthodox church in
continuing use. Its permanent function does not exclude the possibility of its
scientific and tourist exploitation or for possible cultural activities, if a separate
feasibility study is prepared for that purpose
7.6.6 Broad assessment of priorities for consolidation/covering, repair,
conservation, restoration.
- Remove the new roof covering – as a main factor contributing to the
damage of the wall paintings (very gradually);
- Install a new roof covering – consulting the old (traditional) roof covering
system of the Byzantine churches.
- Conservation and restoration of the wall paintings / Conservation of the wall
paintings on the western façade (fragmentary preserved).
- Consolidation and presentation of the porch added on the western side of
the church.
- Consolidation and presentation of the bell-tower.
- Site presentation (church yard, cemetery, etc.).
7.6.7 Public access/ 7.6.8 Other benefits
The monument is open to the public. In that sense a popularity and
affirmation study is required as well as its inclusion in the tourist routes on
national and regional level.
7.7 Finance
7.7.1 Broad assessment of budgetary needs and phasing; this is not binding
and is to be more fully assessed at feasibility stage.
Phase 1:
- Removing the roof covering made of lead
(over the apse, prothesis and diaconikon):
150m² .......................................................................................2,000 €
-Setting a temporary protective roof covering
(raising over the apse, prothesis and diaconikon):
200m² ........................................................................................8,000 €
- Removing the reinforced base/support over the vaults
and spherical sectors: 150m ² .................................................15,000 €
- To fix a protective ("tampon-zone") layer of soil
(thickness: 0,30-0,80m = 75m ³ )….........................................................4,000 €
- Conservation, partial restoration of the damaged limestone
blocks ……………………………………………………………………….. 1,000€
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-Project on the reconstruction of the roof covering structure
(for the building as a whole), 15,000 €
-Project on the wall paintings conservation..........................................10,000 €
Total: ......................................................................................55,000 €
Phase 2:
- Project on consolidation and presentation of the western porch
(With solution for roof covering)……….................................................5,000 €
- Project on conservation and presentation of the bell-tower.................3,000 €
- Project on site presentation..................................................................4,000 €
Total:.......................................................................................12,000 €
Phase 3:
- Removing the current roof covering over the building:
c. 500m ² ...................................................................................30,000 €
- Setting a temporary protective roof cover over the building:
c.500m ² ....................................................................................15,000 €
- Setting a layer of soil (as a protective, "tampon”zone): c. 500m² …...10,000 €
- Reconstruction of the original type of roof covering
(using mediaeval type of tiles): c. 600m² ................................70,000 €
- Conservation works on the wall paintings: c. 600m ² .........................60,000 €
Total:.....................................................................................185,000 €
Phase 4:
- Conservation/restoration works on the western porch......................15,000 €
- Conservation /restoration of the bell-tower......................................... 7,000 €
-Site
presentation.........................................................................................50,000 €
Total:......................................................................................72,000 €
- Contingencies ……….…...………………………………………31.900 €
- Consultancy ………………………………….…………………... 42,000 €
GRAND TOTAL:………………… . ………………………….....397.900 €
7.7.2 Assessment of possibilities for attracting investments/7.7.3
Assessment of possibilities for recovering investments
To date no programmes or projects on rehabilitation of the complex for the
needs of larger groups of visitors have been prepared. The preparations
concerning the presentation of the complex (signage, illumination,
infrastructure for the larger number of visitors) should be useful and profitable
investment on both local and national level if this monument is included in the
tourist (route) map of the
7.7.4 Have you already tried to raise funds for this site or
monument/7.7.5 Have you already received funds?
See information in section - 5.6
7.8 Management
- Short term arrangements:
1. Projects on the roof coverings – will be managed by the Institute for the
Protection (with international assistance)
2. Projects on the wall paintings conservation – will be managed by the
Institute for the Protection (with international assistance if it is possible)
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- Long term arrangements:
Feasibility study on the site presentation will be managed by the Institute for
the Protection and the Church' authorities. The management of the separated
studies concerning different aspects of presentation (site illumination;
information desk; tourist offers, parking area i.e.) will be arranged between
the Institutes within the Ministry of Culture (the Institute for the Protection of
the Cultural Monuments of the
Heritage Protection Office) and the authorities of the Ministry of Economy,
Ministry of Environment and Physical Planning and Ministry of Local Self
Government.
8. Supporting Documentation
See appendix
9. Feasibility studies
The feasibility study requires:
1. Detailed analysis and revision of the roof cover with proposed measures to be taken
for removing/eliminating the cause of the continuous damage to the fresco paintings:
Research study - need of particular specialist advice from architect (expert of
Byzantine building system) as well as from an expert of wall paintings (fresco
technique) conservator.
2. Documentation – photo/video and graphic documentation on the current condition of
the fresco paintings giving prominence to the most vulnerable sections.
3. Analysis on the types of salt and micro-organisms, the pigments and colour scheme
of the wall paintings – need of expertise.
4. Need for scaffolding.
5. Researching on the type of the porch roof covering.
6. Need to consider the wider context of the monument and its relationship to the
environment - to prepare separate studies of site presentation.
Approximate broad assessment of the budgetary needs for the proposed intervention
(level and phases) are given in the section 7.7.1 of this document.
PTA Report carried out by:
Donka Bardjieva-Trajkovska, PhD, Art Historian.
Jovica Manevski, Civil engineer.
Emanuele Armani, Architect and Wall Paintings Conservator, CoE expert
Alkiviades Prepis, PhD, Architect, CoE expert.
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APPENDIX
The Church – south-eastern view The Bell – tower, southern façade
Entrance section of the church The Cemetry area
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Fresco-icons on the alter stone partition Damage on the wall – paintings,
northern vault of the central aisle
Damage on the wall – paintings, Intervention on the north-western of the
central aisle vault column wall paintings
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Site situation: 1. the church Ground plan of the church
2. the porch of the church
3. the bell-tower
4. the cemetry area
Longitudinal section Cross section
Eastern façade Western façade
Northern façade
